COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis Vol.2

Factors determining transmission dynamics, effects of lockdown on public health, environment and economy, and techniques of decision support to cope with future epidemics of the COVID-19 and similar vital agents

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still circulating in 2022 with new variants (e.g., Delta and Omicron) that generate socioeconomic issues in countries. This contribution endeavors to clarify the origin of novel coronaviruses, factors determining the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and the effects of non-pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical interventions of containment in society. These basic aspects of COVID-19 pandemic crisis can improve the preparedness of countries to cope with next pandemic threats and the negative effects of their socio-economic impact.

This book is designed for policymakers and general readers that wish to clarify critical aspects of COVID-19 and that wish to expand their knowledge on these areas. Studies that I include here are integrated with cases study and empirical analyses underpinned in real contexts of nations. In particular, this book concentrates on selected topics of particular relevance to problems of COVID-19 pandemic crisis, and which meet the needs of the intended audience.

The book is divided in four interrelated parts.

• The first part of this book focuses on likely origin of the viral agent the SARS-CoV-2 causing the COVID-19 (Chapter 1).
• The second part focuses on environmental, demographic, and geographical factors that influence the spread of COVID-19 in society (Chapters 2-3).
• The third part describes the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions of governments to cope with COVID-19 pandemic, when appropriate drugs and treatments lack (Chapter 4) and clarifies the manifold aspects and effects of vaccination campaign in economy and society (Chapters 5-6-7-8).
• The final part of the book explains some general approaches and concepts that can improve the preparedness of countries to prevent and/or to cope with pandemic impacts (Chapter 9).

However, no single book could hope to cover adequately all aspects of this multi-disciplinary field of inquiry, such as infectious diseases and their effects in economies and society, and here it is not the intention to attempt to cover all aspects of COVID-19 pandemic crisis. It is regrettable but inevitable therefore that some topics are excluded or given only limited coverage. I hope that readers, such as clinicians, policymakers, etc., dealing with infectious diseases like COVID-19 and other similar viral agents are able to see this text as a general overview to understand the complex and different factors associated with COVID-19 global pandemic crisis.

This book’s strengths and weaknesses are the responsibility of author.